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(1a)
Thom 5:2 = POxy654 5:2
(1b) Thom 6:4-5 = POxy654 6:4-5
(2) 1Q: Luke 12:2 = Matt 10:26
(3) Mark 4:22 = Luke 8:17
(1) Gospel of Thomas
(a) Thom 5:2 = POxy654 5:2
/5:1/ Jesus said, "Know what is in front of your face, and what is hidden from you will be disclosed to you. /2/ For there is nothing hidden that won't be revealed." [Complete Gospels]
(b) Thom 6:4 = POxy654 6:4
/6:1/ His disciples asked him and said to him, "Do you want us to fast? How should we pray? Should we give to charity? What diet should we observe?" /2/ Jesus said, "Don't lie, /3/ and don't do what you hate, /4/ because all things are disclosed before heaven. /5/ After all, there is nothing hidden that won't be revealed, /6/ and there is nothing covered up that will remain undisclosed. [Complete Gospels]
(2) 1Q: Luke 12:2 = Matt 10:26
Luke 12:2
/12:1/ Meanwhile, when the crowd gathered by the thousands, so that they trampled on one another, he began to speak first to his disciples, "Beware of the yeast of the Pharisees, that is, their hypocrisy. /2/ Nothing is covered up that will not be uncovered, and nothing secret that will not become known. /3/ Therefore whatever you have said in the dark will be heard in the light, and what you have whispered behind closed doors will be proclaimed from the housetops.
=Matt 10:26
/10:24/ "A disciple is not above the teacher, nor a slave above the master; /25/ it is enough for the disciple to be like the teacher, and the slave like the master. If they have called the master of the house Beelzebul, how much more will they malign those of his household! /26/ "So have no fear of them; for nothing is covered up that will not be uncovered, and nothing secret that will not become known. /27/ What I say to you in the dark, tell in the light; and what you hear whispered, proclaim from the housetops.
(3) Mark 4:22 = Luke 8:17
Mark 4:22
/4:21/ He said to them, "Is a lamp brought in to be put under the bushel basket, or under the bed, and not on the lampstand? /22/ For there is nothing hidden, except to be disclosed; nor is anything secret, except to come to light. /23/ Let anyone with ears to hear listen!"
=Luke 8:17
/8:16/ "No one after lighting a lamp hides it under a jar, or puts it under a bed, but puts it on a lampstand, so that those who enter may see the light. /17/ For nothing is hidden that will not be disclosed, nor is anything secret that will not become known and come to light. /18/ Then pay attention to how you listen; for to those who have, more will be given; and from those who do not have, even what they seem to have will be taken away."
John Dominic Crossan
Item: 32
Stratum: I (30-60 CE)
Attestation: Triple
Historicity: +
Common Sayings Tradition: YesCrossan relates this saying to the cluster of material on the theme of "The Message of an Open Secret" [Historical Jesus, 348ff]: 9 Who Has Ears [1/5], 53 Knowing the Times [1/3?], 21 The World's Light [1/4], 36 Lamp and Bushel [1/3], 78 The Mountain City [1/2] and 79 Open Proclamation [1/2]. Related clusters, although less likely to come from Jesus in Crossan's view, are: 66 Wise and Understanding [1/2], 45 Father and Son [1/3], 52 Yoke and Burden [1/3], 67 Hidden Since Eternity [1/2] and 14 Eye, Ear, Mind [1/4].
He proposes that "Jesus' serene assertion of open and unmediated access to God has been developed and interpreted as a secret and eternally hidden wisdom now revealed to the simple and the humble." The same process is identified in 32 Hidden and Manifest:
It could be read apocalyptically, as in Mark 4:22, to indicate that what is hidden now will be made manifest at an imminent future consummation. It could be read sapientially, as in Gospel of Thomas 5:2 and 6:4, to indicate that what has been hidden since creation is revealed at the present time. It could also be taken commensensically, as with Jesus and maybe even in Q/Luke 12:2, to indicate that his message is of something that should be open and obvious to all. I take it in that last understanding as coming from the historical Jesus. (p. 350)
Text
Item
Source
JS Mtg
%Red
%Pink
%Gray
%Black
W Avg
Color Thom 5:2
67
Q, K, T
89Son
22
33
13
33
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
0
59
24
18
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
90Son
0
74
22
4
0.57
Pink Thom 6:4
67
Q, K, T
89Son
20
33
13
33
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
0
65
24
12
0.51
Pink
Q, K, T
90Son
0
0
0
100
0.00
Black Thom 6:5
67
Q, K, T
89Son
20
33
13
33
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
0
63
25
13
0.50
Gray
Q, K, T
90Son
0
70
26
4
0.55
Pink Luke 12:2
67
Q, K, T
89Son
20
33
13
33
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
5
58
26
11
0.53
Pink
Q, K, T
90Son
0
70
26
4
0.55
Pink Matt 10:26
67
Q, K, T
89Son
18
41
12
29
0.49
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
5
58
26
11
0.53
Pink
Q, K, T
90Son
0
65
30
4
0.54
Pink Mark 4:22
67
Q, K, T
89Son
20
33
13
33
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
5
5
37
53
0.21
Black
Q, K, T
90Son
0
20
75
5
0.38
Gray Luke 8:17
67
Q, K, T
89Son
20
33
13
33
0.47
Gray
Q, K, T
89Tor
6
18
47
29
0.33
Gray
Q, K, T
90Son
0
65
30
4
0.54
Pink As the voting results indicate, this cluster provides a glimpse into the dynamics of the Jesus Seminar process. This saying was originally considered at the Spring 1989 meeting at Sonoma. While there was a strong Red vote on each version of the saying, the overall result was Gray in each case. The saying was reconsidered at the Fall 1989 meeting held at the University of Toronto, with a dramatic decline in the Red votes in each case but an "improvement" in the weighted average result in several cases. The cluster was considered for a third time at the Fall 1990 meeting at Sonoma, at which time not a single Red vote was cast but almost every version scored a Pink result. Notably, Thom 6:4 was unanimously given a Black result while the "garbled" version in Mark 4:22 was given a Gray.
The editors of The Five Gospelsobserve that the core saying appears in four variations:
There is nothing hidden that will not be revealed. (Thom 5:2)
There is nothing hidden that will not be revealed,
and nothing covered up that will remain undisclosed. (Thom 6:5-6)There is nothing veiled that won't be unveiled,
or hidden that won't be made known. (Luke 12:2)There is nothing hidden except to be brought to light,
nor anything secreted away that won't be exposed. (Mark 4:22)The version in Thom 5:2 is identified as the simplest form of the saying and, therefore, probably the earliest. The variations within the tradition is taken as evidence that the followers of Jesus remembered the gist of what he had said, rather than the precise words. [p, 475]
Since the saying always occurs in combination with some other text that provides its interpretation, the meaning given to this saying varies from one context to another:
In Mark 4:22 it refers to Mark's theory about the enigmatic character of the parables. In Luke 12:2 and Thom 6:54 it cautions against hypocrisy or speaking falsely. In Matt 10:26, which is parallel to Luke 12:2 ... from Q, it enjoins the disciples to preach boldly. Luke also records a version in 8:17, which he has taken from Mark; in its context in Luke 8, it legitimizes the mission of the Christian movement. [p., 475f]
Luedemann [Jesus, 30] suggests:
... these words might very well go back to Jesus. He clearly thought that the seed had to be scattered everywhere and that the light had to shine everywhere. This stands in strong opposition to the Markan interpretation of 4.11-12. The nearness of the kingdom of God announced by Jesus is to be scattered everywhere, its light will shine everywhere -- this is the meaning which Jesus probably attached to the saying.
John P. Meier
In the first three volumes of his work in progress, Meier comments on this cluster only to cite it as evidence for Thomas being dependent on the Synoptic traditions -- and specifically reflecting Lukan redactional features [see Marginal Jew, I,135f and n.133 on p. 163f]. Drawing on the work of Christopher Tuckett, ["Thomas and the Synoptics" NovT 30 (1988) 132-57], Meier suggests that the fragmentary Greek text of Thom 5 (POxy 654) demonstrates that the pre-Coptic Greek recension of Thomas was already dependent on the later Lukan version of the saying in 8:17 rather than the earlier text in Mark 4:22:
ou gar estin ti krypton, ean me hina phanerothe (Mark 4:22)
ou gar estin krypton ho ou phaneron genesetai (Luke 8:17)
[ou gar est]in krypton ho ou phane[ron genesetai] (POxy 654)
Despite the fragmentary state of POxy at this point, it is clear that the Greek text of Thomas lacks the ti found in Mark, and follows Luke's ho ou instead of Mark's ean me hina.
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